Oil Underground Storage

Underground storage* is most advantageous when large volumes are to be stored. underground storage is especially advantageous for high-vapor-pressure products. Technical Data used in the field explained in petroleum courses in Islamabad. Solution-mined and conventionally mined caverns are not typically used for underground storage of refrigerated products. Underground storage allows most of the surface area (except for the entry wells) to be used for other purposes. This is especially beneficial in high-value, congested areas.

Types of underground storage are  caverns constructed in salt by solution Ming or conventional mining,  caverns constructed in nonporous rock by conventional mining,  caverns developed by conversion of depleted coal. limestone, or salt mines to storage, and  depleted reservoirs.

The solution-mined cavern is constructed by drilling a well or wells into the salt and circulating low-salinity water over the salt interval to dissolve the salt. a typical solution-mined cavern. Some more details of petroleum courses in islamabad are as under.

Conventionally mined caverns can be constructed any place a nonporous rock is available at adequate depth to withstand product pressures. An engineer or geologist experienced in underground storage should evaluate any specific site for the feasibility of constructing  underground storage. Most product caverns are constructed in shale, limestone, dolomite, or granite. This type cavern is operated “dry” (the product is recovered by pumping).

The cavern may be operated by brine displacement of product or pump-out methods Most solution-mined caverns are operated by the brine displacement technique (Fig. 1 I .9). A suspended displacement string of casing is installed near the bottom of the cavern. and product is injected into the annulus between  the product casing (casing cemented at cavern roof) and the displacement casing, forcing brine up the displace ment casing. The procedure is reversed for product recovery. In this type operation, a brine storage reservoir usually is provided.

Some solution-mined caverns are operated “dry” by installing a pump at cavern depth either within the cavern or in a well connected to the cavern by fracturing. Both submersible electrically driven pumps and deep-well vertical multistage pumps are used for this purpose. TSK Training for Skills and Knowledge is the best institute in Rawalpindi Islamabad for Pakistani Students who wants to join oil field after petroleum courses in Rawalpindi.